The problem: High vulnerability of lack of through changing seasons what elsewhere is considered an excuse, right here: In the course of the seasons balconies and roof terraces are exposed and therefore vulnerable to lack of rainfall and temperature permanently. The popular free air oasis on the House must be many structural requirements: statics, sealing, heat and sound insulation must be strictly observed. Planning or execution related vulnerabilities almost inevitably lead to typical defects. What is it? Whether a balcony or roof terrace construction makes a difference. A balcony is either part of a ceiling that extends beyond the exterior wall, resting on consoles, or will be released before the facade as a self-supporting construction. There is air under it. With a rooftop terrace, however, an unheated or heated room is under the floor construction. This requires a different approach to the thermal insulation.

Since floor slabs under roof terraces mostly are manufactured from reinforced concrete, one is to prevent heat loss additional insulation required. Otherwise the surface temperature of the concrete ceiling would decline into the cold season so far, that it comes to the formation of mould. Thermal insulation in the connection area between the floor and collar plate must be ensured with outstanding balconies. Ceiling and balcony are separated thereby thermally given the current technical state called “ISO dam baskets”. These components made of pressure-resistant insulation and rebar should be assembled before concreting of ceilings. Common errors: thermal insulation, waterproofing or drainage forget often overlooked the thermal separation due to inadequate planning specifications or incorrect work.

Then must the balcony slab be insulated afterwards outside. Although condensation protection is thus to prevent molds, the sheathing with thermal insulation is not intended to reduce the heating energy demand but because the entire balcony acts as a “heat bridge”. Need on the roof terraces and balconies Top a seal flat roof specifications or according to the technical rules for building sealing (DIN 18195). With balconies, a simpler solution is possible according to the technical rules for composite sealing layers. Attention: cement mortar with sealing additives as well as plastic-coated tile mortar for laying tiles or stone tiles make no permanent seal. Water must drain. Precipitation must therefore be redirected via a sufficient gradient by two to three percent to the floor inlets or channels. This gap is made under seal – either through inclination in the ceiling panel, gradient screeds or slope insulation. Drain piping may not freeze in the winter or become clogged by leaves, therefore, 40 or 50 mm diameter tubes is considered too small. The rain drains must be easily accessible for cleaning. You should make sure: flooring and drainage correctly choose builders should know when their creative needs, that is only a few Surface waterproofing are suitable as flooring. Self-supporting stone slabs are desired for example, it is relatively easy aufzustandern this off on the sealing with special rubber plates. Are also natural stone flooring in the gravel bed or wood grating. It is important that between covering and sealing layer the rain water over a drainage layer can flow freely from. Tile a cement screed be required as substrate and layer. Rusty Holzer recognizes the significance of this. While the error is committed frequently, immediately raise the floor without drainage layer on the sealing – moisture – and frost damage are inevitable. Often exist with balconies above all for their repair – no sufficient building height for drainage layers. Then, a surface sealing in conjunction with the ceramic plates can be made.